The latest medical research on Acute Myeloid Leukaemia

The research magnet gathers the latest research from around the web, based on your specialty area. Below you will find a sample of some of the most recent articles from reputable medical journals about acute myeloid leukaemia gathered by our medical AI research bot.

The selection below is filtered by medical specialty. Registered users get access to the Plexa Intelligent Filtering System that personalises your dashboard to display only content that is relevant to you.

Want more personalised results?

Request Access

Proteomic characterization of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma response to immunotherapy reveals potential therapeutic strategy and predictive biomarkers.

Leukaemia

Immunotherapy is the first-line therapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), yet many patients do not respond due to drug resistance and ...

Optical nanomaterial-based detection of biomarkers in liquid biopsy.

Leukaemia

Liquid biopsy, which is a minimally invasive procedure as an alternative to tissue biopsy, has been introduced as a new diagnostic/prognostic measu...

FFAR2 expressing myeloid-derived suppressor cells drive cancer immunoevasion.

Leukaemia

Emerging evidences suggest that aberrant metabolites contributes to the immunosuppressive microenvironment that leads to cancer immune evasion. Among tumor immunosuppressive cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are pathologically activated and extremely immunosuppressive, which are closely associated with poor clinical outcomes of cancer patients. However, the correlation between MDSCs mediated immunosuppression and particular cancer metabolism remained elusive.

Spontaneous lung adenocarcinoma and subcutaneous mouse tumor models, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and immunofluorescence assay of patient-derived lung adenocarcinoma tissues, and flow cytometry, RNA sequencing and Western blotting of immune cells, were utilized.

Metabolite profiling revealed a significant accumulation of acetic acids in tumor tissues from both patients and mouse model, which contribute to immune suppression and cancer progression significantly through free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2). Furthermore, FFAR2 is highly expressed in the myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) from the tumor of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients which is greatly associated with poor prognosis. Surprisingly, whole or myeloid Ffar2 gene deletion markedly inhibited urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis and syngeneic tumor growth with reduced MDSCs and increased CD8+ T cell infiltration. Mechanistically, FFAR2 deficiency in MDSCs significantly reduced the expression of Arg1 through Gαq/Calcium/PPAR-γ axis, which eliminated T cell dysfunction through relieving L-Arginine consumption in tumor microenvironment. Therefore, replenishment of L-Arginine or inhibition to PPAR-γ restored acetic acids/FFAR2 mediated suppression to T cells significantly. Finally, FFAR2 inhibition overcame resistance to immune checkpoint blockade through enhancing the recruitment and cytotoxicity of tumor-infiltrating T cells.

Altogether, our results demonstrate that the acetic acids/FFAR2 axis enhances MDSCs mediated immunosuppression through Gαq/calcium/PPAR-γ/Arg1 signaling pathway, thus contributing to cancer progression. Therefore, FFAR2 may serve as a potential new target to eliminate pathologically activated MDSCs and reverse immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which has great potential in improving clinical outcomes of cancer immunotherapy.

IL-15-secreting CAR natural killer cells directed toward the pan-cancer target CD70 eliminate both cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts.

Leukaemia

It remains challenging to obtain positive outcomes with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered cell therapies in solid malignancies, like colorectal cancer (CRC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). A major obstacle is the lack of targetable surface antigens that are not shared by healthy tissues. CD70 emerges as interesting target, due to its stringent expression pattern in healthy tissue and its apparent role in tumor progression in a considerable amount of malignancies. Moreover, CD70 is also expressed on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), another roadblock for treatment efficacy in CRC and PDAC. We explored the therapeutic potential of CD70 as target for CAR natural killer (NK) cell therapy in CRC, PDAC, focusing on tumor cells and CAFs, and lymphoma.

RNA-seq data and immunohistochemical analysis of patient samples were used to explore CD70 expression in CRC and PDAC patients. In addition, CD70-targeting CAR NK cells were developed to assess cytotoxic activity against CD70+ tumor cells and CAFs, and the effect of cytokine stimulation on their efficacy was evaluated. The in vitro functionality of CD70-CAR NK cells was investigated against a panel of tumor and CAF cell lines with varying CD70 expression. Lymphoma-bearing mice were used to validate in vivo potency of CD70-CAR NK cells. Lastly, to consider patient variability, CD70-CAR NK cells were tested on patient-derived organoids containing CAFs.

In this study, we identified CD70 as a target for tumor cells and CAFs in CRC and PDAC patients. Functional evaluation of CD70-directed CAR NK cells indicated that IL-15 stimulation is essential to obtain effective elimination of CD70+ tumor cells and CAFs, and to improve tumor burden and survival of mice bearing CD70+ tumors. Mechanistically, IL-15 stimulation resulted in improved potency of CD70-CAR NK cells by upregulating CAR expression and increasing secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, in a mainly autocrine or intracellular manner.

We disclose CD70 as an attractive target both in hematological and solid tumors. IL-15 armored CAR NK cells act as potent effectors to eliminate these CD70+ cells. They can target both tumor cells and CAFs in patients with CRC and PDAC, and potentially other desmoplastic solid tumors.

cAMP-PKA/EPAC signaling and cancer: the interplay in tumor microenvironment.

Leukaemia

Cancer is a complex disease resulting from abnormal cell growth that is induced by a number of genetic and environmental factors. The tumor microen...

Cancer statistics, 2024.

Acute Myeloid Leukaemia

Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths in the United States and compiles the most recent data ...

The Association of Agent Orange Exposure with the progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to multiple myeloma: a population-based study of Vietnam War Era Veterans.

Leukaemia

Herbicide and pesticide exposure [e.g., agent orange (AO)] is associated with an increased risk of multiple myeloma (MM) due to the contaminant, 2,...

Vaccines: a promising therapy for myelodysplastic syndrome.

Leukaemia

Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) define clonal hematopoietic malignancies characterized by heterogeneous mutational and clinical spectra typically s...

Bone marrow graft versus peripheral blood graft in haploidentical hematopoietic stem cells transplantation: a retrospective analysis in1344 patients of SFGM-TC registry.

Leukaemia

The use of peripheral blood (PB) or bone marrow (BM) stem cells graft in haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with post-transplan...

The promise and challenges of combination therapies with antibody-drug conjugates in solid tumors.

Leukaemia

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent an important class of cancer therapies that have revolutionized the treatment paradigm of solid tumors. T...

Interpreting and integrating genomic tests results in clinical cancer care: Overview and practical guidance.

Acute Myeloid Leukaemia

The last decade has seen rapid progress in the use of genomic tests, including gene panels, whole-exome sequencing, and whole-genome sequencing, in...

Phase separations in oncogenesis, tumor progressions and metastasis: a glance from hallmarks of cancer.

Leukaemia

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a novel principle for interpreting precise spatiotemporal coordination in living cells through biomolecula...