The latest medical research on Cosmetic Medicine
The research magnet gathers the latest research from around the web, based on your specialty area. Below you will find a sample of some of the most recent articles from reputable medical journals about cosmetic medicine gathered by our medical AI research bot.
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Request AccessVascular Postoperative Changes After Facial Flap Repairs: An Opportunity for Early Intervention.
Dermatol SurgFlap repair provides unique advantages in facial reconstruction but still carries the potential for undesirable postoperative cosmetic changes.
The aims of this study were to describe postoperative vascular outcomes of patients undergoing flap repairs after Mohs micrographic surgery on facial tumors and to assess associations of baseline characteristics with outcomes.
In this study, 7 dermatologists and 1 physician assistant in dermatology assessed preoperative and postoperative photographs of 57 patients who underwent facial Mohs micrographic surgery, evaluating vascular and pigment outcomes and number of telangiectasias.
There was a significant difference in number of telangiectasias according to body location (p = .002), where the number of telangiectasias was highest for nose surgery.
These data suggest that nasal flap repairs are associated with increased postoperative vascular changes. This highlights an opportunity for improved preoperative patient counseling and possible early laser treatment after nasal Mohs micrographic surgery.
Presurgical Mapping With Ultra-high Frequency Ultrasound of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Lesions Treated With Wide Local Excision and Secondary Intention Healing.
Dermatol SurgHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a challenging chronic inflammatory condition often requiring surgical intervention, such as wide local excision. Preoperative mapping with ultra-high frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) enables detailed assessment of lesion extension, particularly identifying tunnels and fistulas, facilitating surgical planning.
This study aimed to analyze recurrence rates of HS lesions previously mapped with UHFUS and treated with wide excision and secondary intention healing.
A retrospective single-center study enrolled 40 patients with HS undergoing wide excision surgery after UHFUS mapping. Patients were assessed weekly until complete healing and then every 3 months, evaluating clinical and sonographic signs of relapse and pain using the visual analogue scale.
Results showed a population predominantly composed of women (65%) with a mean age of 39 years and a medium HS-Hurley score of 2.5. Over a 22-month follow-up, only 10% experienced clinical relapse, achieving an 90% total remission rate. Pain scores decreased significantly from Week 0 to Week 4.
The study highlights the clinical challenge of HS management, particularly regarding surgical planning and lesion margin definition. The remission rate observed in this study suggests the effectiveness of UHFUS-guided surgical approaches. Future studies should extend observation periods to further validate these findings.
Monopolar radiofrequency for dermal temperature regulation and remodeling: A porcine model study.
J Cosmet DermatolNoninvasive monopolar radiofrequency (NMRF) is widely used for dermal and subdermal volumetric heating, yet detailed research on its effects on dermal temperature is scarce.
This study evaluates the impact of NMRF on dermal temperature and its potential for dermal remodeling using a porcine model.
Noninvasive monopolar radiofrequency was applied to porcine skin with temperature monitoring via optic fiber technology and forward-looking infrared thermal imaging. Safety was evaluated using nitro blue tetrazolium chloride assessments, and effectiveness was determined through histological examinations before and after treatment.
Noninvasive monopolar radiofrequency treatment in a porcine model achieved effective dermal remodeling with no thermal damage, recording peak temperatures of 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C. Histological analysis showed increased collagen density, indicating successful tissue remodeling.
Noninvasive monopolar radiofrequency is effective in delivering controlled dermal heating and enhancing collagen synthesis, promoting safe and efficient skin tightening and dermal remodeling in a porcine model. It presents a viable option for skin rejuvenation therapies.
Serum zinc, selenium, and vitamin D levels in patients with acne vulgaris: A case-control study.
J Cosmet DermatolAcne vulgaris is a very common inflammatory skin disease that significantly impacts the quality of life of affected individuals. Previous studies have indicated that individuals with acne vulgaris often have low levels of zinc, selenium, and vitamin D. However, these three nutrients have rarely been collectively examined in a single study. The objective of this study was to compare serum levels of zinc, selenium, and vitamin D in patients with acne vulgaris in comparison to a control group.
This case-control study included 100 adult patients with acne vulgaris attending a dermatology clinic, in 2020. A group of 100 patients without acne vulgaris attending the same clinics were evaluated as controls. Participants' sociodemographic characteristics, including age, sex, occupation, alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking were recorded. In addition, anthropometric indices, such as weight and height, were measured and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated accordingly. Acne severity was determined using Tutakne and Chari's grading system. Serum zinc, selenium, and vitamin D levels were evaluated in peripheral blood samples of all the participants.
Acne patients and controls were comparable regarding age, sex, weight, height, BMI, occupation, alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking (p > 0.05). Serum zinc, selenium, and vitamin D levels were all significantly lower in acne patients than in controls (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the frequency of abnormal zinc and vitamin D levels was significantly higher in acne patients (p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively), but there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding abnormal serum selenium levels (p = 0.228). Also, serum zinc, selenium, and vitamin D levels lower levels in patients with grade 4 acne compared to other disease severity grades (p < 0.001).
Patients with acne vulgaris have lower levels of serum zinc, selenium, and vitamin D compared to the control group. Additionally, there is a correlation between the severity of the disease and lower levels of these nutrients.
Non-linear association between air pollutants and secondary sensitive skin in acne patients.
J Cosmet DermatolThere is a growing number of patients suffering from sensitive skin secondary to acne, but its prevalence and influencing factors are not yet well-understood.
The aim of this study is to investigate the nonlinear relationship between air pollutants and secondary sensitive skin in acne patients.
A cross-sectional study comprising 4325 acne outpatients in China was carried out between September 2021 and December 2022, employing a simple random sampling approach. Air pollutants data was derived from the nearest air quality monitoring station corresponding to the subjects' residential locations. Furthermore, socio-economic characteristics, biological attributes, and lifestyle data of patients were acquired via questionnaire surveys. The data were subsequently analyzed utilizing the XGBoost machine learning model.
A nonlinear relationship has been observed between secondary sensitive skin in acne patients and various factors, including particulate matter (PM2.5), inhalable particulate matter (PM10), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), the severity of depression, different levels of exercise intensity, acne grading, frequency of sunscreen application, gender, and age.
The occurrence of secondary sensitive skin in acne patients be mitigated through the implementation of measures such as the control of air pollutant emissions, regulation of negative emotions, and improvement of personal lifestyle.
Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Scanning Study of the Superior Labial Artery in Chinese Individuals for Assessing Filler Injection Safety.
Aesthetic Plastic SurgeryLip filler injection is one of the most common minimally invasive cosmetic procedures involving the face; however, vascular complications are not uncommon. The aim of this study was to investigate the anatomy of the superior labial artery (SLA) and provide precise topographic information for dermal filler injection into the lips.
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
In this study, the SLA was successfully identified in all cadavers. The mean overall diameter of the superior labial arteries was 1.36 ± 0.28 mm. The superior labial artery showed a general course from deep to shallow with an average depth of 5.68 ± 1.68 mm from the oral commissure to the midline.
There are anatomical differences in the superior labial arteries among Chinese people. Furthermore, 3D CT images can digitally elucidate the exact positions of the superior labial artery via a coordinate system, improving the safety of upper lip filler injections in clinical settings.
BREAST-Q Analysis of Reduction Mammaplasty: Do Postoperative Complications of Breast Reduction Surgery Negatively Affect Patient Satisfaction?
Aesthetic Surgery JournalReduction mammaplasty can provide symptomatic relief to patients suffering from macromastia, however complications such as dehiscence are common. It is unknown if the presence of complications may affect patient reported outcomes.
This study aims to (1) determine risk factors for development of complications, and (2) to examine the correlation between postoperative complications and patient reported outcomes in reduction mammaplasty.
A single-center retrospective chart review was performed on patients who received reduction mammaplasties (CPT19318) between 1/17-2/23 by thirteen surgeons. Breast cancer cases and oncoplastic reconstructions were excluded. Patients with >1 complication were grouped into the complications cohort. BREAST-Q-survey was used to assess satisfaction.
A total of 661 patients were included for analysis, and 131 patients developed at least one complication. Patients in the complication group had significantly higher average ages and body mass indexes, and a higher likelihood of hypertension and diabetes (p<0.01). Among 180 BREAST-Q responders, 41 had at least one complication. There were no significant differences between the two groups across survey outcomes. Although obese patients were more likely to develop infection and require revisions (p<0.01), no significant differences in subgroup analysis of patient-reported outcomes focusing on obese patients were observed.
Obesity, hypertension, and diabetes were associated with postoperative complications of reduction mammaplasty. Patients with complications had similar postoperative Breast-Q satisfaction to patients without complications. While risk optimization is critical, patients and surgeons should be reassured that satisfaction may be achieved even in the event of a complication.
Outcomes of In-Office, High Resolution, Ultrasound Silicone Breast Implant Surveillance by Plastic Surgeons.
Aesthetic Surgery JournalImplant rupture is a known complication in cosmetic breast surgery but access and cost barriers hinder proper implant surveillance.
This study aims to validate High Resolution Ultrasound (HRUS) for diagnosing silicone implant rupture, and secondarily, explore the predictors of implant rupture in a single-surgeon cohort.
A retrospective chart review identified patients who underwent HRUS of silicone breast implants that were placed by the senior author (WPA). HRUS sensitivity/specificity and predictive values were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression assessed predictors of implant rupture. Kaplan-Meier methods estimated 10 and 15-year implant survival.
Among 254 patients (508 implants) included, 52 patients (104 implants) underwent operative exploration for various reasons; 20 implants had confirmed ruptures. Examining this operative cohort, HRUS had excellent positive and negative predictive value, respectively, 100% (95% CI 83.1-100%) and 97.6% (95% CI 91.6-99.3%); the sensitivity was 90.9% (95% CI 70.8-98.9%) and specificity was 100% (95% CI 95.6%-100%). The median age of the implant at the time of ultrasound was 119 months (10 years; IQR 79-152 months). After multivariable adjustment, the only the implant age was a significant predictor of implant rupture (p=0.04). Across the entire cohort, Kaplan-Meier methods estimated a 10-year and 15-year implant survival rate of 0.98 (95% CI 0.96-0.99) and 0.80 (95% CI 0.71-0.87), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed 10 and 15-year implant survival rates of 0.99 and 0.92, respectively, for surveillance-only HRUS patients.
Plastic surgeon delivered office-based HRUS surveillance is a highly sensitive and specific method to assess silicone breast implant integrity.
Pearls of Wisdom: Expert Insights for Communicating With Aesthetic Patients.
Aesthetic Surgery JournalGood communication with patients is essential in aesthetic surgery. In particular, the challenge of expectation management is crucial to optimise p...
Antiproliferative effect of low-level laser/ photobiomodulation on gingival fibroblasts derived from calcium channel blocker-induced gingival overgrowth.
Lasers in Medical ScienceThe aim of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative properties of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on gingival fibroblasts obtained from calc...
A feasible way to explore real blood vessels thermal responses to laser irradiation by combing optical clearing and the reflectance spectra measurements: animal experiment study.
Lasers in Medical ScienceLaser therapy has been widely used to treat port-wine stains (PWS) and other cutaneous vascular lesions via selective photothermolysis. Animal mode...
Visible Light in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris.
Journal of Cutaneous PathologyAcne vulgaris, a prevalent dermatological disorder, frequently affects individuals' self-perception and general psychosocial functioning. The growi...
