The latest medical research on Obstetrics And Gynecology

The research magnet gathers the latest research from around the web, based on your specialty area. Below you will find a sample of some of the most recent articles from reputable medical journals about obstetrics and gynecology gathered by our medical AI research bot.

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Doppler ultrasound of umbilical and middle cerebral artery in third trimester small-for-gestational age fetuses to decide on timing of delivery for suspected fetal growth restriction: A cohort with nested RCT (DRIGITAT).

BJOG

To assess the association of the umbilicocerebral ratio (UCR) with adverse perinatal outcome in late preterm small-for-gestational age (SGA) fetuses and to investigate the effect on perinatal outcomes of immediate delivery.

A composite adverse perinatal outcome (CAPO), defined as perinatal death, birth asphyxia or major neonatal morbidity.

The cohort consisted of 690 women. The study was halted prematurely for low RCT-inclusion rates (n = 40). In the RCT-eligible group, gestational age at delivery, birthweight and birthweight multiple of the median (MoM) (0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.59-0.72) were significantly lower and the CAPO (n = 50, 44%, p < 0.05) was more frequent. Among patients randomised for immediate delivery there was a near-significant lower birthweight (p = 0.05) and higher CAPO (p = 0.07). EFW MoM, pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension and Doppler classification were independently associated with the CAPO (area under the curve 0.71, 95% CI 0.67-0.76).

Perinatal risk was effectively identified by low EFW MoM and UCR. Early delivery of SGA fetuses with an abnormal UCR at 34-36 weeks should only be performed in the context of clinical trials.

The inflammation score predicts the prognosis of gastric cancer patients undergoing Da Vinci robot surgery.

Journal of Robotic Surgery

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), calculated from peripheral blood immune-inflammatory cell counts, is considered a predictor of survival in va...

Gender and Drug Use Discrimination Among People Who Inject Drugs: An Intersectional Approach Using the COSINUS Cohort.

International Journal of Epidemiology

Injection drug use is strongly associated with stigmatization by loved ones, healthcare providers, and society in general. This stigmatization can have negative consequences on the health of people who inject drugs (PWID) and limit their access to care. Women who inject drugs face greater stigma than men because of gendered social norms and the intersectional effect between gender and drug use identities. For this analysis, we aimed to study discrimination - which is closely linked to stigmatization - experienced by PWID, considering the intersectionality between drug use discrimination and gender discrimination in the French context.

We used data from the COSINUS cohort study, conducted between June 2016 and May 2019 in four French cities. We selected 427 of the 665 PWID who regularly injected drugs enrolled in COSINUS, at three months of follow-up, and performed multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with self-reported drug use discrimination.

Women comprised 20.6% of the study sample. Sixty-nine percent of the participants declared drug use discrimination and 15% gender discrimination. In the multivariable regression analysis, PWID who had hurried injection out of fear of being seen were almost twice as likely to have experienced drug use discrimination (OR [95% CI]: 1.77 [1.15, 2.74], p = 0.010). Likewise, women experiencing gender discrimination were almost three times as likely to have experienced drug use discrimination (OR [95% CI]: 2.84 [1.07,7.56], p=0.037).

Women who inject drugs experienced gender and drug use intersectional discrimination. This could be a reason for the low attendance rates of women in healthcare settings. In addition, discrimination negatively impacted injection drug use practices (eg, hurried injection), particularly for people with unstable housing who injected in public spaces. We recommend introducing adapted services in healthcare facilities for women who inject drugs, and creating a favorable social and physical environment for all PWID in order to improve their health and access to care.

Clinical utility of point-of-care glucose testing in the assessment of gestational diabetes: Prospective cohort study.

BJOG

To assess the clinical utility of point-of-care (POC) capillary blood glucose (CBG) testing in the assessment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) for the POC StatStrip® test, compared with VPG measured by reference laboratory method.

A total of 230 women were included. The number and percentage of women with glucose concentrations above the GDM threshold using the POC StatStrip® test versus laboratory VPG measurement was 15 (6.5%) versus eight (3.4%) at fasting and 105 (45.6%) versus 72 (31.1%) at 2 h, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity values (and 95% CIs) for the POC StatStrip® test were 88% (52%-99%) and 97% (93%-98%) at fasting and 97% (91%-99%) and 79% (71%-84%) at 2 h, respectively. However, the specificity and the NPV for the POC StatStrip® test for concentrations of ≤5.0 mmol/L at fasting or <7.5 mmol/L at 2 h were 100%, and the sensitivity and the PPV for concentrations of >9.5 mmol/L at 2 h were 100%.

In our cohort the POC measurement of CBG cannot entirely replace the laboratory method for the OGTT; however, it can be used to rule out/rule in GDM for glucose concentrations of ≤5.0 mmol/L at fasting or <7.5/>9.5 mmol/L at 2 h.

Implementation of single-port robotic urologic surgery: experience at a large academic center.

Journal of Robotic Surgery

The Single-Port (SP) robotic system is increasingly being implemented in the United States, allowing for several minimally invasive urologic proced...

Comparative efficacy of robotic-assisted and freehand techniques for pedicle screw placement in spinal disorders: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Journal of Robotic Surgery

The efficacy and safety of robotic-assisted pedicle screw placement compared to traditional fluoroscopy-guided techniques are of great interest in ...

Defining the learning curve for robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy for a single surgeon following experience with laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Journal of Robotic Surgery

Robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD) has a learning curve of approximately 30-250 cases to reach proficiency. The learning curve for laparoscopic ...

Robotic surgery across Latin America: a bibliometric analysis of research trends from 2009 to 2022.

Journal of Robotic Surgery

The rise of robotic surgery throughout the world, particularly in Latin America, justifies an objective evaluation of research in this field. This ...

Short-term outcomes of robot-assisted versus conventional minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 18,187 patients.

Journal of Robotic Surgery

The role of robotic surgery in the curative-intent treatment of esophageal cancer patients is yet to be defined. To compare short-term outcomes bet...

Single incision robotic myomectomy: selection criteria, learning curve and cost.

Journal of Robotic Surgery

The article "Comparison of operative and fertility outcomes of single-incision robotic myomectomy: a retrospective single-center analysis of 286 ca...

Outcomes and costs with the introduction of robotic-assisted thoracic surgery in public hospitals.

Journal of Robotic Surgery

Robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) is an effective treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but the effects of its implementation in u...

Effect of different targets of goal-directed fluid therapy on intraoperative hypotension and fluid infusion in robot-assisted laparoscopic gynecological surgery: a randomized non-inferiority trial.

Journal of Robotic Surgery

Carotid corrected flow time (FTc) and tidal volume challenge pulse pressure variation (VtPPV) are useful clinical parameters for assessing volume s...