The latest medical research on Applied Dermatology
The research magnet gathers the latest research from around the web, based on your specialty area. Below you will find a sample of some of the most recent articles from reputable medical journals about applied dermatology gathered by our medical AI research bot.
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Request AccessDrug Survival and Safety of Biosimilars Compared with Originator Adalimumab for Psoriasis: A Multinational Cohort Study.
British Journal of DermatologyThe lack of evidence under routine clinical settings limited the widespread adoption of adalimumab biosimilars for psoriasis treatment.
This study compared the drug survival and safety of adalimumab biosimilars to Humira for psoriasis treatment.
We conducted a prevalent new-user cohort study using data from the French National Health Data System (SNDS), the British Association of Dermatologists Biologics and Immunomodulators Register (BADBIR), and the Spanish Registry of Systemic Therapy in Psoriasis (BIOBADADERM). Adalimumab-naïve patients initiating adalimumab biosimilars (new users) were compared with Humira new users. Patients switching from Humira to biosimilars (switchers) were compared with those who continued Humira treatment. Patients were matched 1:1 based on previous adalimumab exposure time to create equal-sized cohorts of biosimilar and Humira users. Co-primary outcomes included drug discontinuation and serious adverse events (SAEs). Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using Cox proportional hazard models. Meta-analyses using random effect models were performed to combine results from 3 databases.
7387 biosimilar new users and 3654 switchers were matched and compared with Humira users. No differences in all-cause discontinuation were found between biosimilars and Humira new users (HR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.94-1.04). Switching from Humira to biosimilars was associated with a higher discontinuation rate compared to remaining on Humira (HR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.19-1.52). Similar results were observed for discontinuation due to ineffectiveness or adverse events. Risks of SAEs were similar between biosimilar new users and Humira new users (Incidence rate ratio IRR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.80-1.05) or between switchers and continuous Humira users (IRR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.83-1.01).
Adalimumab biosimilars can be considered viable alternatives to Humira for new patients with comparable effectiveness and safety. However, due to the higher likelihood of discontinuation, patients who switch from Humira to biosimilars may require closer monitoring and support.
Tailored Bioengineering and Nanomedicine Strategies for Sex-Specific Healing of Chronic Wounds.
British Journal of DermatologyChronic wounds, defined by their prolonged healing process, significantly impair patient quality of life and impose a hefty financial burden on hea...
Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Baricitinib Against Traditional Therapies in Severe Alopecia Areata: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
J Cosmet DermatolAlopecia areata is a common autoimmune disease which results in reversible hair loss. Janus kinase inhibitors are prescribed for severe alopecia areata with encouraging results. There are no studies comparing the efficacy and safety of Janus kinase inhibitors to traditional treatment options, such as topical immunomodulators and traditional immunosuppressants.
To retrospectively compare the efficacy and safety of baricitinib, an approved Janus kinase inhibitor, to other treatments for severe AA during a 6-month treatment period.
We included patients with newly presenting, relapsing or treatment-resistant alopecia areata with Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score ≥ 50, for the period between July 2021 and July 2023. Medical histories were reviewed and possible side effects were recorded. Primary endpoints were SALT ≤ 20 and SALT ≤ 10 after 6 months of treatment.
Seventy-five patients (53 females) were divided into three groups: topical immunomodulators (51 patients); baricitinib (19 patients); and a group receiving pulsed intramuscular corticosteroids or traditional immunosuppressants (11 patients). Twenty-one patients received more than one treatment options within 2 years. After 6 months, the baricitinib group showed superior efficacy with 32% and 26% of patients achieving SALT ≤ 20 and SALT ≤ 10, compared to 12% and 9% in both other groups. Baricitinib demonstrated better secondary outcomes (50% and 90% reduction from initial SALT scores). All treatments exhibited mild-to-moderate and expected side effects. Weight gain, which had not been reported in clinical trials for alopecia areata, was observed in three baricitinib-treated patients.
Baricitinib was superior to traditional treatments for severe alopecia areata after 6 months. Weight gain concerned 16% of patients receiving baricitinib.
Formulation and Evaluation of Valproic Acid Microemulsions for Enhanced Transfollicular Delivery in Guinea Pig Skin.
J Cosmet DermatolValproic acid (VPA) is used to treat various neurological and psychiatric conditions. While oral VPA can cause hair loss, topical application has shown potential for hair regeneration. This study aimed to develop and evaluate microemulsion (ME) formulations of VPA for enhanced transfollicular delivery.
VPA-loaded MEs were prepared using oleic acid, Transcutol P, Tween 80, Labrasol, and Capryol 90. The MEs were characterized for physicochemical properties, stability, in vitro release, and ex vivo permeation through the hairy abdominal and nonhairy ear skin of guinea pigs.
Eight stable ME formulations were developed with droplet sizes ranging from 10 to 24 nm, pH 4.6 to 5.2, and viscosity 77 to 85 cps. In vitro release studies showed controlled release profiles over 24 h. Permeation studies revealed enhanced drug delivery through both follicular and nonfollicular pathways compared with aqueous VPA solution. Formulations with higher surfactant/cosurfactant ratios showed increased permeation through the follicular pathway.
The ME formulations significantly enhanced VPA penetration into both epidermal and follicular pathways compared with aqueous solution. The composition of the MEs, particularly the oil content, water content, and surfactant/cosurfactant ratio, played a crucial role in determining the physicochemical properties and skin permeation parameters of VPA.
Dermal Filler-Induced Alopecia: A Case Report and Literature Review.
J Cosmet DermatolDermal filler-induced alopecia is a rare yet significant complication of aesthetic procedures primarily associated with vascular occlusion and subsequent tissue ischemia. Hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers, though widely used for facial rejuvenation, can lead to adverse outcomes such as skin necrosis and hair loss, particularly in high-risk areas like the temples and glabella.
This case report aims to highlight the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and multidisciplinary management of filler-induced alopecia, contributing to the existing literature with a comprehensive review of previously reported cases.
A 21-year-old female presented with localized skin necrosis and alopecia four days after receiving 7 mL of HA filler injections in the temples, tear trough, and eyebrow glabella regions. Trichoscopy revealed follicular dropout and white dots, consistent with ischemic hair loss. Treatment included hyaluronidase injections (1500 units), intralesional corticosteroids, topical minoxidil, and CO2 laser therapy. Over 1 year of follow-up, the patient achieved complete hair regrowth and resolution of facial scarring.
Only 16 cases of filler-induced alopecia have been documented, predominantly involving HA fillers. This case underscores the importance of early recognition and intervention with hyaluronidase to mitigate ischemic damage. The multidisciplinary management approach employed here demonstrates the potential for full cosmetic recovery.
Filler-induced alopecia, though rare, necessitates heightened awareness among dermatologists and aesthetic practitioners. Adhering to recommended injection techniques and dosages, alongside the judicious use of ultrasound guidance, can minimize risks and improve patient safety.
A Prospective and Comparative Study to Explore the Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Hair Transplantation for Patients With Androgenetic Alopecia.
J Cosmet DermatolAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most prevalent type of hair loss. Traditionally, treatment for AGA has primarily involved the topical application of minoxidil in conjunction with oral finasteride or spironolactone. Recently, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a significant focus of research in hair loss treatment. However, many studies on PRP-assisted hair transplantation have encountered various limitations.
This study aims to conduct a prospective, comparative clinical investigation to evaluate the therapeutic effects of combining PRP with minoxidil and finasteride/spironolactone as adjuncts to hair transplantation.
From August 2019 to December 2022, we enrolled 30 patients with AGA in the study, randomly assigning them to an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received drug therapy alongside hair transplantation and underwent PRP injections, whereas the control group received only drug therapy to assist with hair transplantation.
Prior to surgery, no significant differences in baseline data were observed between the two groups. Following treatment, the experimental group demonstrated significantly improved follicle survival rates, follicle growth rates, and hair strength compared with the control group.
This prospective, comparative clinical study demonstrated that the application of PRP in conjunction with pharmacological support during FUE treatment for AGA resulted in improved follicle survival rates, hair growth rates, and hair strength.
The Efficacy of Topical Cosmetic Containing Alpha-Arbutin 5% and Kojic Acid 2% Compared With Triple Combination Cream for the Treatment of Melasma: A Split-Face, Evaluator-Blinded Randomized Pilot Study.
J Cosmet Dermatolthaiclinicaltrials.org: TCTR20230124004.
To investigate the efficacy of cream containing alpha-arbutin 5% and kojic acid 2% (AAK) compared with TCC for melasma treatment.
A split-faced, randomized study was conducted among 30 participants with melasma, and all were randomized to receive AAK or TCC on each side of their face for 12-week along with 4-week follow-up period. The melanin index (MI), modified Melasma Area Severity Index (mMASI), and physician global assessment (PGA) scores were used to measure the effectiveness of interventions. Recurrence of melasma after treatment discontinuation was evaluated by MI and mMASI. Patient satisfactions and adverse effects were also evaluated. In the analysis, the mean difference (MD) was used for MI and mMASI, while Wilcoxon signed-rank test was for the PGA scores, adverse effects, and patient satisfaction.
The MD of MI and mMASI scores were not different between groups (mMASI [p = 0.344] and MI [p = 0.268]). The PGA scores only showed improvement on the TCC-treated side (p = 0.032). Compared to the AKK group, the subjects with TCC showed higher severity of recurrence (MI [p = 0.004] and mMASI [p = 0.045]). No difference in patient satisfaction score between the groups, but erythema and stinging were higher in the TCC group.
The AAK cream appeared to be effective for melasma treatment, highlighting a lower recurrent rate and fewer adverse events than standard therapy.
The Therapeutic Mechanisms of Huayu Quban Capsule in Treating Acne Vulgaris Are Uncovered Through Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.
J Cosmet DermatolTo uncover how the Huayu Quban (HYQB) capsule treats acne vulgaris (AV) through the use of network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.
The traditional Chinese medicine system pharmacology database (TCMSP) was used to identify the components and potential targets of HYQB capsule. Targets related to AV were identified by screening the GeneCards, Disease Gene Network (DisGeNET) and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) databases. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network between targets of active ingredients and AV targets was built using the STRING database. Cytoscape3.7.2 software was used to create the visualization network for the 'herb-component-target' and identify the key targets. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were utilized for functional enrichment analysis of the primary targets. Subsequently, molecular docking technology was employed to confirm the interaction between key components and core targets.
The technique discovered 50 different active substances and 270 associated therapeutic targets in the HYQB capsule as well as predicting 70 targets for treating acne vulgaris. Cytoscape hubba plug-in identified 19 key target genes, with the top 5 being TNF, IL1B, CCL2, SIRT1, IFNG, and IL10. Analysis of KEGG pathways revealed significant enrichment of immune-related pathways, including TNF and IL-17 signaling pathways, among the target genes. The HYQB capsule also involves lipid and atherosclerosis, Th17 cell differentiation, and the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complication signaling pathways. Molecular docking results showed that quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and wogonin, the core components of HYQB, had good binding ability with the first 4 core targets.
The HYQB capsule may have a synergistic effect on inhibiting sebaceous adipogenesis and sebum cell differentiation and play an effect on AV through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of different signaling pathways.
Hyaluronic High Definition Fill Technique.
J Cosmet DermatolAchieving a defined abdomen through traditional surgical methods like liposuction and abdominoplasty involves risks and significant downtime. Hyaluronic acid (HA) body filling has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative, offering immediate results with reduced recovery periods.
The high-definition abdomen through HA technique (HHD) was implemented on young men with BMI < 24.9, excluding those with obesity or excessive skin laxity. HA gel with large particle sizes (800-1800 μm) and high G prime was chosen based on subcutaneous thickness. Injections were guided by ultrasound into the lamellar fat layer between Camper's fascia and Scarpa's fascia, targeting abdominal metameres for enhancement. Participants completed the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale.
The technique produced satisfactory outcomes, enhancing abdominal metamere definition. Mild post-procedural hematomas and transient discomfort were noted. At 10 months, 71.4% of patients reported "much improved," and 28.6% reported "improved," per the GAIS questionnaire.
HHD using large particle HA proved effective in achieving aesthetic abdominal enhancements with minimal risks and downtime. This technique not only provided immediate results but also contributed to enhanced patient satisfaction and self-esteem. Further research is needed to explore broader applications and refine outcomes across diverse patient groups.
Ayurvedic Ingredients in Dermatology: A Call for Research.
J Cosmet DermatolWith the ever-changing cosmetic landscape, Ayurvedic skincare, rooted in the holistic medical system of Ayurveda from India, has gained popularity in Western countries due to its natural ingredients and multipurpose benefits. Originating from the earth's sources, such as plants and minerals, each ingredient like ashwagandha, turmeric, and neem among others are believed to address various cosmetic and medical issues.
Despite centuries of anecdotal evidence, modern clinical trials validating these claims are limited. This paper looked to investigate current literature regarding Ayurvedic skincare and promote its continued research.
Existing in vitro studies have demonstrated significant potential, indicating the need for further large-scale testing. The rise of Ayurvedic ingredients is partially driven by the increasing cost of healthcare and the belief in the superiority of natural self-medication. However, healthcare providers must educate patients on the potential dangers of relying solely on natural products. Products like concentrated lemon juice or homemade sunscreens lack scientific validation and have been implicated in various cosmetic and medical issues, highlighting the need to prevent misinformation and improve education from trusted sources.
This paper explores the current literature that establishes promising prospects for Ayurvedic skincare, emphasizing the need for quality control and clinical trials, and highlights how Ayurvedic medicine, as it modernizes, holds the potential to become a major player in cosmetic dermatology.
A Retrospective Pragmatic Two-Center Clinical Study to Evaluate the Clinical Outcome of Triple-Frequency Ultrasound in the Treatment of Mild-to-Severe Acne Vulgaris.
J Cosmet DermatolEarlier, quickly alternating dual-frequency ultrasound waves (LDM technology) were successfully applied for the treatment of different inflammatory skin conditions such as rosacea and acne. In this retrospective pragmatic two-center clinical study, we applied the triple-frequency LDM (TF-LDM) technology with frequencies of 1/3/10 and 3/10/19 MHz for the treatment of mild-to-severe acne skin to assess the effectivity and sustainability of the treatment outcomes.
Twenty-two patients with mild-to-severe acne were included in this study: 11 patients were treated with TF-LDM (1/3/10 MHz), and other 11 patients-with TF-LDM (3/10/19 MHz). Assessment of the acne severity was done using the bilateral facial photographs. The photos were evaluated at baseline (T1), on the day of the last treatment (T2), and during the follow-up controls (T3). Assessment of the acne severity was provided in accordance with a modified Global Evaluation Acne (mGEA) scale by nine independent dermatologists who were blinded to treatment assignments.
The average improvement of the mGEA scoring between T1 and T2 across all patients was 73.69% ± 13.90% (p < 0.01), whereas the skin improvement between T1 and T3 was 90.14% ± 8.35% (p < 0.01). The state of the skin was also statistically significantly improved between T2 and T3 (53.26% ± 29.24%, p < 0.02). There was no difference in treatment outcomes between the patients treated with TF-LDM (1/3/10 MHz) and TF-LDM (3/10/19 MHz).
TF-LDM is an effective method for the treatment of the mild-to-severe acne skin that provides a significant skin improvement and long-lasting treatment results. The method demonstrates no significant side effects, is pain-free, well tolerated, and highly accepted by patients.
TFC-1326 Compound Reduces Clinical Signs of Skin Aging. Evidence From In Vitro Human Adipose and Skin Models and Pilot Clinical Trial.
J Cosmet DermatolAnti-freeze Glycoproteins (AFGPs) were described to preserve biological materials and protect them from different stresses.
The effects of a synthetic anti-freeze glycoprotein-based compound, TFC-1326, on human skin quality and its biological actions were studied.
The effects of various concentrations of TFC-1326 on the biology of human preadipocytes, differentiated in the proinflammatory microenvironment, and on human fibroblasts grown in coculture with human mature adipocytes or monocultured in stress conditions were investigated in, in vitro studies. Additionally, the efficacy of a 1% TFC-1326 topical cream was evaluated in a clinical investigation on the skin biology and appearance of 20 women aged between 40 and 65 years throughout 84 days of application.
The in vitro studies revealed that TFC-1326 mitigated the deleterious effects of a proinflammatory cytokine cocktail produced by human macrophages, by restoring preadipocyte adipogenic capacity and by reducing their fibroinflammatory state. TFC-1326 also stimulated the proliferative capacity of dermal fibroblasts co-cultured with mature adipocytes as well as their production of hyaluronic acid and procollagen type I, while decreasing IL6 secretion and increasing fibroblast viability. Furthermore, daily 1% TFC-1326 topical cream application, measurably improved skin radiance and laxity, as well as skin density. Finally, significant reductions of the volume and depth of the crow's feet wrinkles were also observed.
The compound TFC-1326 significantly improved the physiological appearance and cellular functions of aging skin.
