The latest medical research on Diabetes Mellitus
The research magnet gathers the latest research from around the web, based on your specialty area. Below you will find a sample of some of the most recent articles from reputable medical journals about diabetes mellitus gathered by our medical AI research bot.
The selection below is filtered by medical specialty. Registered users get access to the Plexa Intelligent Filtering System that personalises your dashboard to display only content that is relevant to you.
Want more personalised results?
Request AccessThe effects of acute exercise on food intake and appetite in adolescents with and without obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Obesity ReviewsThis systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized evidence pertaining to consummatory and appetitive responses to acute exercise in children and...
Evaluating the efficacy of intermittent fasting and exercise combinations for weight loss: A network meta-analysis.
Obesity ReviewsThe purpose of this study is to utilize network meta-analysis (NMA) to synthesize relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and evaluate the most effective intermittent fasting (IF) combined with exercise interventions for weight loss.
This study searched five databases up until April 2024, obtaining RCTs that investigated the effects of intermittent fasting (IF) combined with exercise. The quality of the literature was assessed using the Cochrane tool, followed by a random-effects statistical analysis of each intervention. Eventually, a NMA was conducted to compare the effectiveness of each intervention on weight loss, thereby determining their combined effectiveness on reducing weight.
A total of nine trials, comparing 12 interventions involving 570 participants, were included. All interventions significantly reduced body weight (BW) and fat mass (FM) compared to the control (CON) group. In terms of BW reduction, the alternate-day fasting + moderate-intensity continuous training (ADF + MICT) intervention had the highest surface under the cumulative ranking curve average (SUCRA) score 88.1(MD: -4.44,95% CI -5.95, -2.92). Furthermore, for improving FM, the ADF + MICT intervention also had the highest SUCRA score 92.7(MD: -3.65,95% CI -5.05, -2.25), making it the optimal intervention for improving FM.
The NMA results indicate that all interventions are effective in reducing weight. Among them, ADF + MICT is the most effective strategy for reducing BW, and it is also the best approach for improving FM.
Interpersonal determinants of diet quality and eating behaviors in people aged 13-30 years: A systematic scoping review.
Obesity ReviewsAdolescence is an important period of increasing independence, when adolescents experience changing influences of family and friends on their diets...
Show me the evidence to guide nutrition practice: Scoping review of macronutrient dietary treatments after metabolic and bariatric surgery.
Obesity ReviewsClinical practice recommendations for macronutrient intake in Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (MBS) are insufficiently grounded in the research, possibly due to a paucity of research in key areas necessary to support macronutrient recommendations. An initial scoping review, prior to any systematic review, was determined to be vital.
To identify topical areas in macronutrients and MBS with a sufficient evidence base to guide nutrition recommendations.
PubMed, Cochrane, Ovid Medline, and Embase were initially searched in January 2019 (updated November 1, 2023) with terms encompassing current bariatric surgeries and macronutrients. Out of 757 records identified, 98 were included. A template was created. Five types of outcomes were identified for extraction: dietary intake, anthropometrics, adverse symptoms, health, and metabolic outcomes. All stages of screening and extraction were conducted independently by at least two authors and disagreements were resolved via team discussion. Macronutrient-related dietary treatments were classified as either innovative or standard of care. Descriptions of dietary arms were extracted in detail for a qualitatively generated typology of dietary or nutritional treatments. Heatmaps (treatments by outcomes) were produced to identify promising topics for further systematic analyses.
We identified protein supplementation and "food-focused" (e.g., portion-controlled meals, particular foods in the diet, etc.) topical areas in MBS nutrition care with potentially sufficient evidence to create specific MBS Macronutrients guidelines and identified topical areas with little research.
Clinical practice regarding macronutrient intake remains guided by consensus and indirect evidence. We detail ways that leadership at the profession level may remedy this.
The vices and virtues of medical models of obesity.
Obesity ReviewsDespite numerous public health organizations supporting the pathologization of obesity and considering recent obesity rates a health crisis, many r...
The change in food service costs associated with increasing the healthiness of ready-to-eat food provision: A systematic scoping review.
Obesity ReviewsIncreasing the healthiness of food retail environments is an identified mechanism to help halt rising rates of diet-related non-communicable diseas...
Addressing disparities: A systematic review of digital health equity for adolescent obesity prevention and management interventions.
Obesity ReviewsAdolescence is a high-risk life stage for obesity. Digital strategies are needed to prevent and manage obesity among adolescents. We assessed if di...
Exploring the complex link between obesity and intelligence: Evidence from systematic review, updated meta-analysis, and Mendelian randomization.
Obesity ReviewsObesity is a major public health concern associated with a higher risk of various comorbidities. Some studies have explored the impact of obesity o...
Gender differences in adherence and retention in Mediterranean diet interventions with a weight-loss outcome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Obesity ReviewsThe Mediterranean diet has been shown to be effective in improving health outcomes and for weight loss. Adherence and retention in dietary interventions are critical to ensure the benefits of the exposure. No studies to date have assessed the role of gender in understanding participants who remain engaged and adhere to Mediterranean diet interventions.
This study aimed to explore gender differences in recruitment, adherence, and retention for Mediterranean diet interventions and whether these were associated with differences in weight-loss outcomes.
A systematic search was completed in EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane, and clinicaltrials.gov from inception to March 2023. A meta-analysis of studies reporting retention by gender was completed using odds ratios comparing female to male dropout numbers. A second meta-analysis was completed for adherence comparing standardized mean difference of Mediterranean diet scores stratified by gender. Newcastle Ottawa score was used to assess risk of bias.
A total of 70 articles were included in the systematic review with six articles included in the adherence meta-analysis and nine in the dropout meta-analysis. No statistically significant difference was shown for adherence or retention by gender. Weight-loss outcomes were inconsistent.
The results of the study suggest a higher adherence and lower dropout for women although these results were not statistically significant. Future studies of Mediterranean diet interventions should include adherence, retention, and weight-loss data stratified by gender to allow further investigation of this relationship.
Why do preconception and pregnancy lifestyle interventions demonstrate limited success in preventing overweight and obesity in children? A scoping review investigating intervention complexity, process evaluation components, and author interpretations.
Obesity ReviewsPreventing childhood obesity from early life is considered essential. However, evidence from recent systematic reviews has highlighted inconsistent...
Deciphering interleukin-18 in diabetes and its complications: Biological features, mechanisms, and therapeutic perspectives.
Obesity ReviewsInterleukin-18 (IL-18), a potent and multifunctional pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays a critical role in regulating β-cell failure, β-cell death, i...
Epicardial fat in heart failure-Friend, foe, or bystander.
Obesity ReviewsEpicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a fat depot covering the heart. No physical barrier separates EAT from the myocardium, so EAT can easily affect ...
