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The latest medical research on Pregnancy

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GRK2 is critical for the cleavage of the porcine embryo by regulating HSP90 and the AKT pathway.

Reproduction

Among the family of GPCR kinases (GRKs) that regulate receptor phosphorylation and signaling termination, G-protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2...

Investigations into the role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in the peri-conception period of the mare.

Reproduction

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) has been implicated in a number of reproductive processes ranging from ovulation to embryo motility, but has not b...

Pregnancy in times of war: What are the fallouts ? A review.

Fetal Diagnosis Therapy

The beginning of the conflict in Ukraine has reminded Europeans the many and diverse consequences of armed conflicts. Indeed, the ever more sophist...

Exploring the Interplay of Diabetes, Deaf Patient Reported Outcomes, and Cancer Screening in Deaf and Hard of Hearing Women.

International Journal of Epidemiology

Some deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) individuals face health information barriers, increasing their risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) and subsequent cancer development. This study examines if health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and deaf patient-reported outcomes (DHH-QoL) mediate the relationship between DM diagnosis and cancer screening adherence among DHH individuals.

In a cross-sectional study, US DHH adults assigned female at birth answered questions on cervical and breast cancer screenings from the ASL-English bilingual Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS-ASL) and the PROMIS (Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System) Deaf Profile measure's Communication Health and Global Health domains. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained from multivariable logistic and linear regression models, examining the association between DM, DHH-QoL, and cancer screening adherence, adjusting for other covariates and HRQoL. A Baron and Kenny causal mediation analysis was used. A two-sided p < 0.05 indicated significance.

Most respondents were White (66.4%), heterosexual (66.2%), did not have DM (83.9%), had health insurance (95.5%), and adhered to pap smears (75.7%) and mammograms (76.9%). The average (standard deviation) DHH-QoL score was 50.9 (8.6). Those with DM had lower HRQoL scores (46.2 (9.5) vs 50.2 (8.8); p < 0.0001) than those without. Non-significant multivariable models indicate that those with DM were more adherent to pap testing (OR: 1.48; 95% CI: 0.72, 3.03; p = 0.285) and mammograms (2.18; 95% CI: 0.81, 5.88; p = 0.122), with DHH-QoL scores slightly increasing them to 1.53 (0.74, 3.16; p = 0.250) for pap testing and 2.55 (0.91, 7.13; p = 0.076) for mammograms. DHH-QoL was significantly associated with mammograms (p = 0.027), with 6% increased adherence per unit increase in the score. Overall, HRQoL and DHH-QoL were not significant mediators.

While HRQoL/DHH-QoL in DHH individuals with DM does not mediate cancer screening adherence, higher DHH-QoL scores are associated with it. DHH-focused health literacy and communication training can improve cancer-related outcomes.

Chromosomal missegregation and aberrant embryo development in repro57 female mice with Rnf212 homozygous mutation.

Reproduction

Repro57 mice, induced with N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea and harboring a mutation in the Rnf212 gene, exhibit infertility in both homozygous mutant males a...

Novel PLCZ1 compound heterozygous mutations indicate gene dosage effect involved in TFF after ICSI.

Reproduction

Oocyte activation failure, one of the main factors of total fertilization failure (TFF) after ICSI, could be induced by abnormal calcium oscillatio...

Glucose metabolism disorder related to follicular fluid exosomal miR-122-5p in cumulus cells of endometriosis patients.

Reproduction

MiR-122-5p, high expression in follicular fluid exosomes of patients with endometriosis, impairs the glucose metabolism function of cumulus cells a...

A proposed model of a clock that governs the length of human pregnancy.

Reproduction

The mechanisms that govern the length of human pregnancy have not been determined while preterm birth remains the leading cause of death and disabi...

The History of Interferon-Stimulated Genes (ISGs) in Pregnant Cattle, Sheep, and Pigs.

Reproduction

Expression of the classical interferon (IFN) stimulated genes (ISGs) increases in the endometrial stroma and glandular epithelium (GE) through acti...

Effect of maternal ursodeoxycholic acid treatment on fetal atrioventricular conduction in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

Fetal Diagnosis Therapy

The aim of this study was, firstly, to investigate the difference in fetal atrioventricular conduction in patients with and without intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) by measuring the fetal PR interval; secondly, to evaluate the altering effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment on the fetal PR interval in ICP patients.

The study consisted of 42 ICP patients and 48 healthy pregnant women. Fetal echocardiography was performed to measure the mechanical PR interval. The fetal PR interval and the clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups. The effect of UDCA treatment on the fetal PR interval in ICP patients was evaluated.

In ICP patients, significantly longer fetal PR intervals were observed than in the control group (123.21±8.54 vs. 115.13±5.95 ms, p&lt;0.001). In the ICP group, there was a positive correlation between the fetal PR interval and maternal fasting total bile acid levels (TBA) (r=0.514, p=0.001). After one week of treatment with UDCA in patients with ICP, the PR interval was shorter than before, although the reduction was not statistically significant (120.98±6.70 vs. 123.21±8.54 ms, p=0.095). In patients with severe ICP (TBA&gt;40 mmol/L, n=10), a significant reduction in the fetal PR interval was observed after treatment with UDCA (127,5ms [IQR, 118,0-134,75] before vs. 122ms [IQR, 109,5-126,5] after, p=0,037).

Fetal PR interval increased in ICP patients in correlation with maternal serum TBA concentration. Treatment with UDCA may have limited positive effects on the fetal AV conduction system. The beneficial effects of UDCA on the fetal PR interval may be more pronounced in patients with higher bile acid levels.

Elevated Middle Cerebral Artery Peak systolic velocity in non-anemic fetuses - Providing a better understanding of enigmatic Middle Cerebral Artery Peak systolic velocity.

Fetal Diagnosis Therapy

Introduction Our aim was to investigate the incidence, co-morbidities and outcomes of fetuses with an elevated middle cerebral artery peak systolic...

Perceptions of the Leadership Through Scholarship Fellowship Graduates: An Exploratory Qualitative Study of Leadership.

Fam Med

Despite increasing numbers of faculty identifying as underrepresented in medicine (URiM) over the last few decades, URiM representation in academic medicine leadership has changed little. The Society of Teachers of Family Medicine funded the Leadership Through Scholarship Fellowship (LTSF) to target this population and provide a framework for scholarly success. Based on responses to open-ended questions from a leadership survey, we characterize how early-career URiM family medicine faculty view leadership and assess attitudes and perceptions of leadership development.

A survey, developed by survey experts from multiple institutions and consisting of multiple-choice and open-ended questions, was sent to the first two cohorts after the LTSF program. All LTSF participants identified as URiM and as early-career (5 years or less since fellowship or residency) family medicine faculty. Fellowship faculty collected anonymous survey responses through Qualtrics (Qualtrics, LLC). We conducted thematic analysis with emergent and iterative coding by two experienced qualitative researchers.

All of the fellows surveyed (N=19) completed the survey. The qualitative researchers identified the following themes: leadership development (with subthemes of collaborative scholarship and request for mentoring), and barriers to leadership and scholarship (with subthemes of lack of time, lack of support, and diminished opportunities for advancement).

These themes represent lessons learned from URiM faculty participating in a single faculty development fellowship. Collaborative scholarship, both as an early-career faculty need and a leadership responsibility, is a new contribution to the existing literature. While identified by URiM family medicine faculty, these themes are likely familiar to early-career faculty across all medical specialties and faculty identities. These lessons can guide senior academic leaders in preparing early-career faculty for leadership in academic medicine.